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Accelerating Research to Cure Visual Snow Syndrome and give patients their lives back

Insular and occipital changes in visual snow syndrome: a BOLD fMRI and MRS study

1/4/2022

 
Francesca Puledda, Dominic Ffytche, David J. Lythgoe, Owen O’Daly, Christoph Schankin, Steven C. R. Williams, Peter J. Goadsby
First published: 10 March 2020
 https://doi.org/10.1002/acn3.50986


Objective

To investigate the pathophysiology of visual snow (VS), through a combined functional neuroimaging and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) approach.

Methods

We applied a functional MRI block-design protocol studying the responses to a visual stimulation mimicking VS, in combination with 1H-MRS over the right lingual gyrus, in 24 patients with VS compared to an equal number of age- and gender-matched healthy controls.

Results

We found reduced BOLD responses to the visual stimulus with respect to baseline in VS patients compared to controls, in the left (k = 291; P = 0.025; peak MNI coordinate [-34 12 -6]) and right (k = 100; P = 0.003; peak MNI coordinate [44 14 -2]) anterior insula. Our spectroscopy analysis revealed a significant increase in lactate concentrations in patients with respect to controls (0.66 ± 0.9 mmol/L vs. 0.07 ± 0.2 mmol/L; P < 0.001) in the right lingual gyrus. In this area, there was a significant negative correlation between lactate concentrations and BOLD responses to visual stimulation (P = 0.004; r = −0.42), which was dependent on belonging to the patient group.

Interpretation

As shown by our BOLD analysis, VS is characterized by a difference in bilateral insular responses to a visual stimulus mimicking VS itself, which could be due to disruptions within the salience network. Our results also suggest that patients with VS have a localized disturbance in extrastriate anaerobic metabolism, which may in turn cause a decreased metabolic reserve for the regular processing of visual stimuli.

​For full article please click here or download the PDF below 
ann_clin_transl_neurol_-_2020_-_puledda_-_insular_and_occipital_changes_in_visual_snow_syndrome__a_bold_fmri_and_mrs_study.pdf
File Size: 2712 kb
File Type: pdf
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  • Home
  • WHAT IS VISUAL SNOW SYNDROME
    • What is Visual Snow Syndrome >
      • Visual Snow Syndrome Overview
    • Visual Snow Resources
    • Symptoms >
      • Blue Field Entoptic Phenomenon
      • Brain Fog
      • Eye Floaters
      • Glare
      • Nyctalopia
      • Oscillopsia
      • Palinopsia
      • Paresthesia
      • Phosphenes
      • Photophobia
      • Silent Migraine
      • Tinnitus
      • Vertigo
  • HOW TO HELP
    • Donate Once
    • Make a Recurring Donation
    • Corporate Giving & Partners
    • Subscribe
    • Connect with us on Social Media
    • Share your VSS story
    • You Can Fundraise >
      • Volunteer Agreement
    • Events
  • WHAT WE DO
    • About
    • Research & News
    • Research Collaborations
    • Meet our VSS Community
  • Donate